Engine Indicator Diagrams
Indicator diagrams indicates, simultaneously , the pressures and the relative position of the piston for a particular engine cylinder. They are taken for every voyage, both in loaded and ballast condition. It is a practice to take indicator cards after every major overhauls.
Purpose
- To calculate indicated power of the engine
- To determine peak pressures and compression pressures
- To evaluate the process of combustion inside the engine
- To evaluate scavenging and exhausting conditions
Procedure
- Check whether the spring fitted on the indicated instrument will meet the peak pressure (maximum combustion pressure) to be expected
- Stretch diagram paper firmly over the drum.
- Before taking diagram, open indicator cock, allow two or three firing strokes, to blow out soot and combustion residues in the cock.
- After drawing atmospheric pressure line, hook the cord to indicator drive, open indicator cock, take power card and shut off the cock.
- Make sure that the instrument is not exposed to high temperature for long time. This may affect its accuracy.
- Remove the hook, turn the drum by hand to a place clear from the power diagram, take compression pressure line with the fuel cut off.
- After taking indicator cards from all the cylinders, open the instrument and clean all the parts, and lubricate the same.
Types of Indicator Diagrams
See: Types of Indicator Diagrams
Calculate Indicated Power
See: How to Calculate Indicated Power
Evaluation of Indicator Diagrams
Power Diagram
- To calculate indicated power, also gives peak pressure.
Out of Phase Diagram
- Required for accurate determination of the compression pressure.
- To evaluate peak pressure (more accurately), compression pressure and ignition delay period.
- It shows combustion process (early or late combustion).
- To evaluate injection, fuel quality, ignition delay, combustion, loss of compression, expansion, fuel pump timing and after burning.
Troubleshooting with Indicator Diagrams
See: How to Troubleshoot with Indicator Cards
Precautions While Taking Indicator Cards
- Always lubricate indicator instrument parts to prevent seizure at high temperatures.
- Tightness of the indicator piston inside the cylinder to be checked. It should be a free sliding fit.
- The cock to be free from accumulated carbon particles.
- Do not apply much pressure on the stylus while taking the diagram.
- Allow sufficient cooling time for the instrument after taking diagrams from each units.
Reference
“Reference of Marine Engineering Knowledge for MOT 2nd Class Part B (Oral)” by Min Zar Tar
2 thoughts on “Engine Indicator Diagrams”
why do we pull the cord when the piston reaches TDC , to obtain the compression ignition diagram?
When the cord is attached to indicator cam, we get power card, on the other hand manually pulling the cord with a timing results in draw card or out of phase diagram.